A recent study shows that an unequal share of household chores

Đề bài: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

A recent study shows that an unequal share of household chores is still the norm in many households, despite the fact that many more women now have jobs. In a survey of 1,256 people ages between 18 and 65, men said they contributed an average of 37% of the total housework, while the women estimated their share to be nearly double that, at 70%. This ratio was not affected by whether the woman was working or not. When they were asked what they thought was a fair division of labour, women with jobs felt that housework should be shared equally between male and female partners. Women who did not work outside the home were satisfied to perform 80% - the majority of the household work - if their husbands did remainder. Research has shown that, if  levels increase beyond these percentages, women become unhappy and anxious, and feel they are unimportant.After marriage, a woman is reported to increase her household workload by 14 hours per week, but for men the amount is just 90 minutes. So the division of labour becomes unbalanced, as a man's share increases much less than the woman's. It is the inequality and loss of respect, not the actual number of hours, which leads to anxiety and depression. The research describes housework as thankless and unfulfilling. Activities included in the study were cooking, cleaning, shopping, doing laundry, washing up and childcare. Women who have jobs report that they feel overworked by these chores in addition to their professional duties. In contrast, full-time homemakers frequently anticipate going back to work when the children grow up. Distress for this group is caused by losing the teamwork in the marriage.

Câu 1: According to the passage, a fair division of labour is that

A. women do 14 hours of housework

B. men do more housework than women

C. women do more than 80 percent of the housework

D. women and men share the housework equally

Câu 2: All activities mentioned in the passage are household chores EXCEPT

A. childcaring

B. washing-up

C. shopping

D. taking care of old-aged parents

Câu 3: The word "remainder" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to                 .

A. what is share  

B.  what is fulfilled

C. what is done   

D. what is left

Câu 4: The word "norm" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_                   .

A. strange thing 

B. unequal thing

C. changing thing

D. usual thing

Câu 5: Although women think men should share the housework, those who don't have paid job agree to share … of the chores.

A. 14 percent

B. 37 percent   

C. 80 percent    

D. 70 percent

Câu 6: It can be inferred from the passage that after getting married,                                        .

A. women do twice as much housework as men

B. women do less and less housework

C.  men spend much less time doing housework than women.

D. men do more housework than women

Câu 7: The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to

A. men

B. labour

C. jobs

D. women

Lời giải:

Đáp án:

1D

2D

3D

4D

5C

6C

7D

Giải thích:

1. Thông tin: When they were asked what they thought was a fair division of labour, women with jobs felt that housework should be shared equally between male and female partners. (Khi được hỏi họ nghĩ thế nào là phân công lao động công bằng, phụ nữ có việc làm cảm thấy rằng công việc nội trợ nên được chia đều cho nam và nữ.)

2. Thông tin: Activities included in the study were cooking, cleaning, shopping, doing laundry, washing up and childcare. (Các hoạt động được đưa vào nghiên cứu là nấu ăn, dọn dẹp, mua sắm, giặt giũ, giặt giũ và chăm sóc trẻ em.)

3. remainder = phần còn lại

4. norm = thứ bình thường

5. Thông tin: Women who did not work outside the home were satisfied to perform 80% - the majority of the household work - if their husbands did remainder. (Những phụ nữ không làm việc bên ngoài hài lòng thực hiện 80% - phần lớn công việc gia đình - nếu chồng họ làm phần còn lại.)

6. Thông tin: After marriage, a woman is reported to increase her household workload by 14 hours per week, but for men the amount is just 90 minutes. So the division of labour becomes unbalanced, as a man's share increases much less than the woman's. (Sau khi kết hôn, một người phụ nữ được cho là đã tăng khối lượng công việc gia đình của mình lên 14 giờ mỗi tuần, nhưng đối với nam giới, con số này chỉ là 90 phút. Vì vậy, sự phân công lao động trở nên mất cân bằng, vì phần của nam giới tăng ít hơn nhiều so với của nữ giới.)

7. Thông tin: When they were asked what they thought was a fair division of labour, women with jobs felt that housework should be shared equally between male and female partners. (Khi được hỏi họ nghĩ thế nào là phân công lao động công bằng, phụ nữ có việc làm cảm thấy rằng công việc nội trợ nên được chia đều cho nam và nữ.)